Giáo án Skills 2

Ss activate prior knowledge about habitats and nature and get ready for the topic Planet Earth.

T shows a photo of a wetland and asks Ss to think about the question: 'What living things can you find in a wetland, and why do they need it?' Ss answer in pairs, using the word habitat.

Ss name at least two living things (for example birds, fish, plants such as reeds) and one reason why a wetland is a habitat, for example: 'A wetland is a habitat because it provides food and shelter for birds.'

Ss understand and use the four key words: habitat, flora, fauna and biodiversity.

Ss match each word with its Vietnamese meaning and an example sentence: habitat (môi trường sống), flora (hệ thực vật), fauna (hệ động vật), biodiversity (đa dạng sinh học). Then Ss read the example sentences aloud.
Example sentences: 'A wetland is a habitat for many birds.' 'The park has rich flora.' 'Its fauna includes many small mammals.' 'Biodiversity supports healthy ecosystems.'

Ss complete the matching task correctly:

• habitat: môi trường sống – A wetland is a habitat for many birds.
• flora: hệ thực vật – The park has rich flora.
• fauna: hệ động vật – Its fauna includes many small mammals.
• biodiversity: đa dạng sinh học – Biodiversity supports healthy ecosystems.
  Ss write one new sentence using one of the four words.

Ss recognise the form and use of non-defining relative clauses with who, which and whose.

T presents the language focus: a non-defining relative clause adds extra information about an already identified noun and is set off by commas. Example: 'This wetland, which stores floodwater, needs protection.' Ss learn three points: use who, which or whose, not that; do not omit the relative pronoun; the sentence still identifies its subject if the clause is removed.
Ss complete Worksheet 1 in pairs.

Ss complete Worksheet 1 and write the rule in their notebooks:

• A non-defining relative clause is placed between commas.
• Use who (for people), which (for things) and whose (for possession).
• Do not use that and do not omit the relative pronoun.
  Example from the exercise: 'This wetland, which shelters birds, needs clean water.' (Answer: which)

Ss identify the structure of a coherent paragraph: topic sentence, supporting details, reason or example and closing.

Ss read the writing model in the Student Book and work in groups of four. Each pair in the group takes one part of the model (topic sentence, supporting details, limits and reason, recommendations and closing) and completes Worksheet 2.
Model topic sentence: 'The report explains why a wetland needs protection.'

Ss complete Worksheet 2 with a plan of the model:

• Topic sentence: The report explains why a wetland needs protection.
• Supporting details: It provides food and shelter for wildlife; it stores water after heavy rain.
• Reason or example: A local worker points out that conservation must consider water quality and connections between habitats.
• Limit: The observations come from one visit, so they cannot prove a long-term population change.
• Recommendations: Regular observation and cooperation with nearby businesses to reduce plastic waste.
• Closing: In short, effective protection combines careful evidence with practical action.

Ss listen to the complete recording and choose the correct answers to questions about details, actions, reasons, days and durations.

Ss complete Exercises 1–5 in the Student Book. Before listening, Ss predict the type of answer needed (a reason, an action, a place, a day or a duration). Ss listen to the complete recording through the listening button and check the evidence.
Questions:

1. How do plant roots help the wetland? A. They hold soil in place. B. They remove every pollutant. C. They frighten birds away. D. They stop all rainfall.
2. On which day will the club visit? A. Thursday B. Wednesday C. Friday D. Tuesday
3. Why must the club avoid nests? A. The path is too short. B. The birds need undisturbed shelter. C. All birds are dangerous. D. The notebooks are full.
4. How long will the club observe from the public path? A. Thirteen minutes B. Twenty minutes C. Thirty minutes D. Forty minutes
5. Which plan creates a coherent paragraph about planet earth? A. Unrelated sentences only B. Topic → supporting details → reason → closing C. Conclusion without a topic D. A list of copied titles

Answers:

1. A – They hold soil in place.
2. B – Wednesday
3. B – The birds need undisturbed shelter.
4. C – Thirty minutes
5. B – Topic → supporting details → reason → closing (the sequence develops one central idea).

Ss arrange the revision process and write a 90–110-word summary of the passage in their own words without adding new facts.

Part A: Ss put the revision steps in order: check that the paragraph answers the task; check the sequence and links between ideas; correct grammar and word choice; proofread spelling and punctuation.
Part B: Ss read the passage in Exercise 7 and write a 90–110-word summary in their own words. The summary must include: the habitat's functions (food, shelter and space for water after heavy rain); the worker's point that water quality and connected habitats matter; the limit of one observation; the proposed actions (regular observation, cooperation with nearby businesses to reduce plastic waste); and the avoidance of disturbing nesting areas.

Part A (answer): 1. Check that the paragraph answers the task. 2. Check the sequence and links between ideas. 3. Correct grammar and word choice. 4. Proofread spelling and punctuation.
Part B (model summary, 103 words):
A school nature club studied a nearby wetland and found that it provides food and shelter for wildlife and stores water after heavy rain. A local conservation worker explained that removing litter alone is not enough; water quality and the connections between habitats also matter. The pupils' observations came from a single visit from a public path, so they cannot prove any long-term change in animal numbers. Their report recommends regular observation and cooperation with nearby businesses to reduce plastic waste. They did not enter nesting areas, so the wildlife was not disturbed. In short, effective protection combines careful evidence with practical action.

Ss apply the paragraph structure and the non-defining relative clause to write about a real habitat in their area and revise one unclear sentence.

Ss write a short paragraph of 80–100 words about a habitat near their home (a pond, a park, a river or a garden). The paragraph must contain a topic sentence, two supporting details, one non-defining relative clause and a closing. After writing, a partner identifies one unclear sentence. Ss revise it and explain the change in one sentence.
Example: 'It is good.' becomes 'The shared bus reduces the number of cars near the gate.' (The revision replaces a vague pronoun and opinion with a precise reason.)

Each S submits:

• a paragraph of 80–100 words with a topic sentence, two supporting details, one non-defining relative clause (for example: 'The pond, which attracts frogs and dragonflies, is a habitat for many animals.') and a closing;
• the original unclear sentence, the revised sentence and a one-sentence reason for the change.