Giáo án Looking Back

Ss recall the meaning of the four key example sentences and the four topic words before reviewing the grammar and pronunciation.

Ss look at four sentences on the slide: 'The artisan shapes a bowl by hand.', 'The nurse is a community helper.', 'This handicraft is made from bamboo.', 'We preserve old skills by teaching them.' T asks: 'What does each sentence tell us?' Ss match each sentence with the meaning of the key word: artisan (thợ thủ công), community helper (người giúp ích cộng đồng), handicraft (sản phẩm thủ công), preserve (gìn giữ).

Ss can explain in English what each sentence communicates, for example:

• 'The artisan shapes a bowl by hand.' = a craftsperson makes a bowl with his or her hands, not with a machine.
• 'The nurse is a community helper.' = a nurse helps people in the local community.
• 'This handicraft is made from bamboo.' = the product is a traditional craft item made from bamboo.
• 'We preserve old skills by teaching them.' = we keep old skills alive by passing them on.

Ss identify the structure question word + to-infinitive after know, learn, ask and decide, and see why a second subject is wrong.

Ss read the grammar note: 'We learned how to shape clay.' and the incorrect form 'not how we to shape'. Ss complete Worksheet 1 (Phiếu học tập số 1) by filling in the verb, the question word and the to-infinitive in each sentence, then identify the error in the incorrect sentence.

Ss write the rule in their notebooks:

• Verb (know / learn / ask / decide) + question word (how, where, what, who, which, when) + to-infinitive.
• Do not add a second subject after the question word.
  Examples from Worksheet 1:
• We learned how to shape clay. (correct)
• We learned how we shape clay. / how we to shape (incorrect: second subject or wrong structure)
• I decided where to sell the handicraft. (correct)

Ss learn the meaning of the phrasal verbs find out, look after and pass down and check whether the object can separate the phrase.

T presents the phrasal verbs: find out (discover), look after (care for), pass down (transmit). T gives example sentences: 'We find out what the artisan needs.' 'We look after the public garden.' 'Grandparents pass down their skills to children.' Ss check whether the object can come between the verb and the particle, for example 'pass the skill down' and 'look the garden after' (not correct).

Ss record in their notebooks:

• find out = discover (something new), for example 'find out the answer'.
• look after = care for someone or something, for example 'look after the garden'. It cannot be separated: 'look the garden after' is wrong.
• pass down = transmit to a later generation, for example 'pass down skills'. It can be separated: 'pass the skills down' is possible.
• Ss learn each phrase as a whole, together with its meaning.

Ss recognise and pronounce the three reference vowels /æ/, /ɑː/ and /e/ and understand that accent variation is not an error.

T plays the audio for the words cat /æ/, father /ɑː/ and bed /e/. T explains the mouth position: for cat, the jaw is open and the tongue is at the front; for father, the vowel is more back and open; for bed, the vowel is less open. T notes that American dictionaries often write /ɑ/ and /ɛ/ for the last two vowels, and that craft may have /æ/ or /ɑː/ depending on the speaker.

Ss can pronounce the three vowels and sort the given words into the correct group:

• /æ/: cat, hand, bamboo
• /ɑː/: father, far, car
• /e/: bed, pen, clay
  Ss understand that craft can be /æ/ (en-US) or /ɑː/ (some British speakers) and that this is accent variation, not an error.

Ss practise the structures and vocabulary of the unit by completing and judging exercises.

Ss complete Worksheet 2 (Phiếu học tập số 2), which includes exercises 1 to 6 from the book: 1) how + to-infinitive after know; 2) choose the correct question word after ask; 3) complete pass down; 4) choose the meaning of look after; 5) build a correct sentence; 6) judge the forms of learn + where + to-infinitive.

Answers and model solutions:

1. I do not know how to use this tool. (How + to-infinitive follows know.)
2. A. where (Where asks about a place: We asked the artisan where to buy local clay.)
3. down (Grandparents pass down their skills to children.)
4. B. care for (Look after means care for someone or something.)
5. She knows how to make pottery. (Question word how precedes to make.)
6. a) I learned where to buy clay. – Đ (True); b) I learned where buying clay. – S (False). Use where + to-infinitive after learned.

Ss match key topic words and identify the vowel sound /e/ in a word.

Ss do exercise 9: match each word with its meaning: artisan, community helper, handicraft, preserve (thợ thủ công; người giúp ích cộng đồng; sản phẩm thủ công; gìn giữ). Ss do exercise 10: choose the word with the vowel /e/ from A. bed; B. cat; C. father; D. car. Ss also do exercise 7 (rewrite the question 'How can I help?' as 'I do not know ...') and exercise 8 (write two sentences about a community club using find out and look after).

Answers and model solutions:

• Exercise 9: artisan – thợ thủ công; community helper – người giúp ích cộng đồng; handicraft – sản phẩm thủ công; preserve – gìn giữ.
• Exercise 10: A. bed (bed contains the vowel /e/; cat is /æ/, father and car are usually /ɑː/).
• Exercise 7 model: 'I do not know how to help.' (The subject of help is understood as I.)
• Exercise 8 model: 'We find out what our neighbours need.' / 'We look after the public garden.' (Accept other valid sentences using both phrases.)

Ss apply the target structures and vocabulary in a real context about their own community and reflect on the errors they can now repair.

Ss work in groups of four. Each S writes two sentences about a community club in their area, using find out and look after. Then each S chooses one error from their personal error log that they can now repair without help and explains how they fixed it. Groups share the best sentences with the class. Ss can also compare their community with a neighbouring one and discuss: 'What do we need to find out about our community club?'

Each S produces:

• Two original sentences about a community club, for example: 'We find out what the club members need.' 'We look after the library books together.'
• One repaired error from the personal error log, written as: 'Incorrect form: I learned where buying clay. Corrected form: I learned where to buy clay. Reason: learned + question word + to-infinitive.'
  Groups produce a short poster or a list of three community helpers who preserve old skills, with one sentence for each.