Giáo án A Closer Look 2

Ss activate the vocabulary on environmental protection and notice the target structure in a meaningful context.

T shows a picture of a picnic site with litter near a river. Ss match six key words with their meanings: habitat, endangered, reduce, reuse, pollution, ecosystem. Then T writes the sentence 'We will sort the waste after we finish the picnic.' on the board and asks two questions: 'Which action happens first?' and 'Which action is the main idea of the sentence?'

Ss match the words correctly:

• habitat: the natural home of a plant or animal
• endangered: at risk of disappearing from the Earth
• reduce: to make something smaller in amount
• reuse: to use something again instead of throwing it away
• pollution: harmful substances that make air, water or soil dirty
• ecosystem: a community of living things and their environment
  Answer to the questions: Finishing the picnic happens first; sorting the waste happens after it.

Ss identify the main clause and the time clause, and understand the rules of using present simple and commas in adverb clauses of time for future reference.

T guides Ss through the four steps with the worked example 'We will sort the waste after we finish the picnic.':
Step 1: Identify the communicative meaning.
Step 2: Choose the structure above.
Step 3: Check the subject, verb form and any time reference.
Step 4: Read the complete sentence, not only the blank.
Ss also study the connectors when, while, before, after, as soon as and until.
Questions: 'Which part is the main clause? Which part gives the time?' and 'Can after we finish the picnic stand alone as a complete sentence?'

Ss write in their notebooks:

• Main clause: We will sort the waste.
• Time clause: after we finish the picnic.
• The time clause is dependent and cannot stand alone.
• Rule 1: In future meaning, use present simple in the time clause, not will.
• Rule 2: If the time clause comes first, put a comma after it. Example: After we finish the picnic, we will sort the waste.
• Connectors: when, while, before, after, as soon as, until.

Ss compare the meaning of before, until and as soon as in sentences about environmental actions and choose the connector that keeps the correct sequence.

T gives three sentences and asks Ss to explain the meaning of the connectors:

• We will call the teacher as soon as we notice smoke.
• We will wait here until the rain stops.
• We will check the bins before we leave the park.
  Question: 'What is the difference between as soon as, until and before?'

Ss explain the connectors:

• as soon as: immediately after an event (very quick sequence)
• until: up to the point when something ends
• before: earlier than an event (the action in the time clause happens later)
  Ss note: Each main clause uses will, and each time clause uses present simple.

Ss use the present simple in time clauses to express future meaning and check the form in pairs.

Ss complete Worksheet 1, Part A (items 1 to 4) individually, then check in pairs. Items:

1. We will leave after the rain {{1}} (stop).
2. Before Mai {{1}} (go) home, she will turn off the lights.
3. I will call you as soon as I {{1}} (arrive).
4. Wait here until the teacher {{1}} (come).

Answer key:

1. stops
2. goes
3. arrive
4. comes
   Ss explain: each time clause uses present simple for future meaning; will is only used in the main clause.

Ss arrange chunks into sentences, choose the correct connector and combine two ideas in two ways while keeping the sequence of actions.

Ss complete Worksheet 1, Part B (items 5 to 8):
5. Which highlighted clause cannot stand alone? A. after we finish the picnic; B. We will sort the waste; C. The volunteers wear gloves.
6. Order the chunks: before we leave / we will / collect / our rubbish.
7. We will call the teacher immediately when we notice smoke. Which connector keeps the meaning of immediately? A. as soon as; B. until; C. before.
8. Combine these ideas in two ways: We finish the picnic. Then we sort the waste. Use after once and before once. Explain which action happens first.

Answer key:
5. A (after we finish the picnic is a dependent clause)
6. Before we leave, we will collect our rubbish.
7. A (as soon as expresses immediate succession)
8. We will sort the waste after we finish the picnic.
We will finish the picnic before we sort the waste.
In both sentences, finishing the picnic happens first.

Ss use adverb clauses of time and the vocabulary on environmental protection to write a plan for a green picnic or a class clean-up.

Groups of four make a poster titled 'Our Green Picnic Plan'. Each group writes five sentences about what they will do before, during and after a picnic or a school clean-up, using at least three different connectors (when, before, after, as soon as, until). They must use reduce, reuse or pollution at least once. Example prompts: 'We will reuse our bottles after we wash them.' and 'We will not leave any rubbish until we find a bin.'

Each group's poster contains five correct sentences, for example:

• Before we start the picnic, we will bring reusable boxes.
• We will sort the waste as soon as we finish eating.
• We will not leave until the area is clean.
  Each sentence uses present simple in the time clause and a comma when the time clause comes first.