Activity 1: Warm-up · 10 minutes
Thinking about what makes a city grow
a) Aims
Ss activate prior knowledge about urban change and recognise that urban development involves more than building taller buildings.
b) Content
T shows two photographs of the same street taken ten years apart. Ss, in pairs, answer the questions: 'What has changed in this street?' and 'Does a taller building always make a city better? Why or why not?' Ss list changes in housing, transport, jobs and public services on the board.
c) Expected outcomes
A list on the board of changes (for example: more apartment blocks, more motorbikes, new shops, more traffic at junctions). Expected answer to the second question: 'No. A city also needs schools, safe walking routes, drainage and services for residents.'
d) Organisation
Teacher's activities
Students' activities
Teacher
Step 1: Task delivering
T shows the two photographs and asks: 'What has changed in this street? Work in pairs and spend one minute on this question.' Then T asks: 'Does a taller building always make a city better?'
Students
Ss look at the photographs and discuss in pairs for one minute, noting the changes they see.
Teacher
Step 2: Task performance
T walks around, listens to pairs and prompts with questions such as 'What else changes besides buildings?' or 'Who uses the road?'
Students
Ss discuss and write down two or three changes. Expected: 'New apartments and shops appear.' 'Traffic becomes heavier.' 'More people need schools and drainage.'
Teacher
Step 3: Report and discussion
T invites two or three pairs to share their lists and records them on the board. T asks: 'Is a taller building the only sign of a better city? Why?'
Students
Representatives report their lists. Expected answer: 'No, a city also needs schools, walking routes and drainage, so it must change in many ways.'
Teacher
Step 4: Conclusion and assessment
T praises the ideas and introduces the lesson aim: 'Today we will read a text about urban development, listen to a recording and write an application letter.' T writes the title Skills – Review 2 on the board.
Students
Ss copy the title and the lesson aim into their notebooks.