Giáo án Language

Warm up Ss and activate their prior knowledge of city life, and introduce the idea of linking verbs that describe how something looks or feels.

Ss look at a picture of a clean city square with trees and bicycle lanes. T asks: 'What does the square look like? How does the air feel?' Ss describe the picture in one or two sentences using look or feel plus an adjective.

Ss produce 2 or 3 sentences with a linking verb and an adjective, for example: 'The square looks clean and green.' 'The air feels fresh.' Ss also notice that the adjective follows the linking verb, not an adverb.

Help Ss recognise and produce linking between a final consonant and the following vowel without inserting an extra vowel or an /r/.

T models three phrases: turn off /tɜrn‿ɔf/, an office /ən‿ɔfɪs/, clean air /kliːn‿er/. Ss repeat in chorus, then read the model sentence: 'An efficient city needs clean air and open spaces.' T asks Ss to mark the linking points by drawing a small curved line between words.

Ss can read the three phrases and the model sentence with the final consonant joined smoothly to the next vowel. Ss understand the key rule: link the final consonant to the following vowel, and do not add an /r/ where neither word has one.

Help Ss understand and pronounce six topic words from Unit 3 and match each word with its meaning.

T presents the words livable (đáng sống), infrastructure (cơ sở hạ tầng), sensor (cảm biến), privacy (sự riêng tư), pedestrian (người đi bộ) and efficient (hiệu quả). T reads each word aloud and Ss repeat. Then Ss work in pairs to match the word cards with the meanings on the board.

Ss match all six words correctly: livable – đáng sống; infrastructure – cơ sở hạ tầng; sensor – cảm biến; privacy – sự riêng tư; pedestrian – người đi bộ; efficient – hiệu quả. Ss use each word in one short sentence about a city.

Help Ss distinguish stative verbs used in simple forms from verbs used in continuous forms for active or temporary meanings, and use adjectives after linking verbs.

T writes three sentences on the board: 'I know the route.' 'I am thinking about the plan (considering).' 'I think it is useful (opinion).' T then writes: 'The square looks attractive.' 'The air feels fresh.' Ss work in groups of four to answer the questions: (1) Which verb is stative? (2) Which verb shows an active or temporary meaning? (3) Why do we say attractive, not attractively?

Ss complete a mind map on poster paper with two branches. Branch 1: stative verbs in simple form (know, think as opinion, believe). Branch 2: continuous forms for active or temporary meaning (am thinking = considering). Branch 3: linking verbs (look, feel, taste, seem) followed by an adjective, for example 'The square looks attractive.'

Help Ss use the correct verb form and adjective in context through eight multiple-choice items.

Ss complete Worksheet 1, items 1 to 8, individually. Then Ss compare answers in pairs and explain the reason for each choice. Items: (1) I ___ the new bus route is useful. (2) Please wait; I ___ about your suggestion. (3) The new park looks ___. (4) This soup tastes ___. (5) I ___ where the station is. (6) She ___ the garden every morning. (7) The residents seem ___. (8) We ___ the idea, but we need details.

Answer key: 1 A (think); 2 D (am thinking); 3 C (attractive); 4 B (good); 5 A (know); 6 D (looks at); 7 C (satisfied); 8 B (like). Ss write one reason for each answer, for example: 'Item 2 is D because considering is an ongoing mental activity.'

Help Ss consolidate the six key words and apply linking in a read-aloud task, with self- and peer assessment.

Ss complete exercise 9 by matching the six words with their meanings. Then Ss read the model sentence aloud twice: first slowly, then at a natural pace. Ss highlight the linking points and rate each other with the rubric: linking focus (4 points), clarity of sounds (3 points), rhythm and intonation (2 points), self-correction (1 point).

Exercise 9 answers: livable – đáng sống; infrastructure – cơ sở hạ tầng; sensor – cảm biến; privacy – sự riêng tư; pedestrian – người đi bộ; efficient – hiệu quả. Read-aloud: Ss read 'An efficient city needs clean air and open spaces' with linked sounds and no extra vowel or /r/. Each pair records its peer score out of 10.

Help Ss use stative verbs, linking verbs with adjectives, linked pronunciation and the six key words to describe their ideal future city.

Ss work in groups of four to design an ideal city. Each group writes 5 sentences about the city, using at least one linking verb, one stative verb in simple form, and two of the key words (livable, infrastructure, sensor, privacy, pedestrian, efficient). Groups then present their city to the class in a gallery walk.

Each group creates a poster with five sentences and a short oral presentation. Example sentences: 'Our city looks green and the air feels fresh.' 'I think sensors make traffic more efficient.' 'Pedestrians need wide and safe streets.' Ss pronounce the linked phrases correctly during the presentation.